Identityclause Use identityclause to modify the properties of an identity column. You cannot specify this clause on a column that is not an identity column. If you do not specify ALWAYS or BY DEFAULT, then the current generation type is retained. Refer to CREATE TABLE identityclause for more information on ALWAYS and BY DEFAULT. I'm using hibernate in my spring mvc project and I want to connect to oracle 12c database. I used org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle12cDialect, but, this returns me org.hibernate.boot.registry.selector.spi.StrategySelectionException: Unable to resolve name org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle12cDialect as strategy org.hibernate.dialect.Dialect. Org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect does not support identity key generation.
Oracle identity column restrictions. The identity columns are subject to the following restrictions: Each table has one and only one identity column. The data type of the identity column must be a numeric data type. The user-defined data type is not allowed to use with the identity clause. Jul 16, 2009 JPA Oracle Dialect does not support identity key generation?? Tanner tse Jul 16, 2009 8:58 AM Anybody please provide some help.
This topic lists the new features for all the products in Oracle Identity Management Release 12c (12.2.1.3.0).
Topics
2.1 What's New in Oracle Access Management
Oracle Access Management 12c (12.2.1.3) includes the following new features:
2.2 What's New in Oracle Identity Governance
Oracle Identity Governance 12c (12.2.1.3.0) has the following key new features:
2.3 What's New in Oracle Unified Directory
Oracle Unified Directory 12c (12.2.1.3.0) has the following key features:
2.4 What’s New in Oracle Internet Directory
Oracle Internet Directory 12c Release 2 (12.2.1.3.0) has the following key new features:
2.5 What's New in Oracle Identity Management Integration
Integrate Oracle Identity Governance (OIG) and Oracle Access Manager (OAM) using LDAP Connectors.
This chapter describes how to configure JKS keystores for WebLogic Server 12.1.3 that are used for identity and trust.
This chapter includes the following sections:
For background information about identity and trust keystores, see 'Identity and Trust' in Understanding Security for Oracle WebLogic Server. For information about how to configure the Oracle OPSS Keystore Service (KSS), see Chapter 31, 'Configuring Oracle OPSS Keystore Service'.
About Configuring Keystores in WebLogic Server
The following sections provide concepts about the configuration and use of keystores in WebLogic Server:
About Private Keys, Digital Certificates, and Trusted Certificate Authorities
Private keys, digital certificates, and trusted certificate authorities establish and verify server identity and trust.
SSL uses public key encryption technology for authentication. With public key encryption, a public key and a private key are generated for a server. Data encrypted with the public key can only be decrypted using the corresponding private key and data encrypted with the private key can only be decrypted using the corresponding public key. The private key is carefully protected so that only the owner can decrypt messages that were encrypted using the public key.
The public key is embedded in a digital certificate with additional information describing the owner of the public key, such as name, street address, and e-mail address. A private key and digital certificate provide identity for the server.
The data embedded in a digital certificate is verified by a certificate authority (CA) and digitally signed with the CA's digital certificate. Well-known certificate authorities include Entrust and Symantec Corporation. The trusted CA certificate establishes trust for a certificate.
An application participating in an SSL connection is authenticated when the other party evaluates and accepts the application's digital certificate. Web browsers, servers, and other SSL-enabled applications generally accept as genuine any digital certificate that is signed by a trusted CA and is otherwise valid. For example, a digital certificate can be invalidated because it has expired or the digital certificate of the CA used to sign it expired. A server certificate can be invalidated if the host name in the digital certificate of the server does not match the URL specified by the client.
Servers need a private key, a digital certificate containing the matching public key, and a certificate of at least one trusted certificate authority (CA). WebLogic Server supports private keys, digital certificates, and trusted CA certificates from the following sources:
Using Separate Keystores for Identity and Trust
When you configure SSL, you must decide how identity and trust will be stored. Although one keystore can be used for both identity and trust, Oracle recommends using separate keystores for both identity and trust because the identity keystore (holding the private key and associated digital certificate) and the trust keystore (trusted CA certificates) may have different security requirements. For example:
In general, systems within a domain have the same trust rules — they use the same set of trusted CAs — but they tend to have per-server identity. Identity requires a private key, and private keys should not be copied from one system to another. Therefore, you should maintain separate identity keystores for each system, each keystore containing only the server identity needed for that system. However, trust keystores can be copied from system to system, thus making it easier to standardize trust conventions.
Identity is more likely to be stored in hardware keystores such as nCipher. Trust can be stored in a file-based JDK keystore without having security issues because a trust store contains only certificates, not private keys.
Configuring Keystores: Main Steps
To configure identity and trust keystores for a WebLogic Server instance being used in a production environment, complete the following steps:
If you are working in a development environment where security requirements typically are less stringent, you can use the demonstration certificates included with WebLogic Server and create self-signed certificates. However, do not use these certificates in a production environment. For more information, see Using Keystores and Certificates in a Development Environment.
How WebLogic Server Locates Trust
WebLogic server loads the trusted certificates from the keystore specified in the domain configuration file,
config.xml . The default keystore is WL_HOME /server/lib/DemoTrust.jks .
An exception to this behavior occurs when a Managed Server is being started and it needs to synchronize the
config.xml file with the Administration Server using the secure administration port. In this case, if the Administration Server is not configured to use a demo identity certificate, then the appropriate trust keystore can be specified in the Managed Server start command using the -Dweblogic.security.SSL.trustedCAkeystore argument. This enables the Managed Server to validate the SSL certificate from the Administration Server during the initial SSL connection.
Note:
The keystore specified by the -Dweblogic.security.SSL.trustedCAkeystore command-line argument is used only for the initial SSL connection. After the configuration synchronization, the Managed Server loads its trust keystore specified in the config.xml file.
Creating a Keystore
This section explains how to create a JKS keystore using either the keytool or the ImportPrivateKey utilities. As described in Using Separate Keystores for Identity and Trust, Oracle recommends that you keep server certificates and trusted CA certificates in separate keystores. The following sections explain how to create a keystore. However, in practice, creating a keystore is typically done in conjunction with obtaining a server certificate for the identity keystore or importing a trusted CA certificate into the trust keystore, as explained in Obtaining and Storing Certificates for Production Environments.
This section contains the following topics:
Note:
The preferred keystore format is JKS (JKS keystore). WebLogic Server supports private keys and trusted CA certificates stored in files or in the WebLogic Keystore provider for the purpose of backward compatibility only.
Keystore File Name Requirements
When choosing a name for the keystore file:
Creating a Keystore Using Keytool
Keytool is a key and certificate management utility that is included in the JDK. It allows you to administer your own public/private key pairs and associated certificates for use in self-authentication (in which you authenticate yourself to other users or services) or data integrity and authentication services, using digital signatures. Keytool also allows you to cache the public keys, in the form of certificates, of your communicating peers.
When you use keytool to create a public and private key pair, keytool also creates a keystore if one does not already exist in the current directory.
To use keytool to create a JKS keystore, complete the following steps:
In the preceding command, enter the following values:
When you enter the keytool command as described in the preceding steps, keytool automatically prompts you for the following:
For example:
Note the following from the preceding example:
Note:
Make note of the private key alias and passwords you specify, and be sure to record passwords only in a safe location.
For a summary of keytool commands commonly used with WebLogic Server, see Appendix A, 'Keytool Command Summary'. For complete details about keytool, see 'keytool — Key and Certificate Management Tool' at
http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/technotes/tools/windows/keytool.html .
Creating a Keystore Using ImportPrivateKey
If you have a certificate and private key, you use the ImportPrivateKey utility to create a keystore in which you can store that certificate and key.
If you used CertGen to create a private key file that is protected by a password, that password is the one required by ImportPrivateKey to extract the key from the key file and insert the key in the keystore being created.
To create a keystore using ImportPrivateKey, complete the following steps:
For more information about using the ImportPrivateKey utility, see 'ImportPrivateKey' in Command Reference for Oracle WebLogic Server.
Using Keystores and Certificates in a Development Environment
The tools and procedures described in this section generate digital certificates and private keys that should be used only for demonstration or testing purposes in a development environment, and not in a production environment.
This section includes the following topics:
Using the Demonstration Keystores
By default, WebLogic Server is configured with two keystores, which are located in the
DOMAIN_HOME security and WL_HOME serverlib directories, respectively:
For testing and development purposes, the keystore configuration is complete. The digital certificates and trusted CA certificates in the demonstration keystores are signed by a WebLogic Server demonstration certificate authority. For this reason, a WebLogic Server installation that uses these demonstration keystores will trust any WebLogic Server installation that also uses these demonstration keystores. Therefore, you should never use these demonstration keystores in a production environment. For information about how to configure keystores for use in a production environment, see Obtaining and Storing Certificates for Production Environments.
Creating Demonstration Certificates Using CertGen
The following sections explain the use of CertGen for creating demonstration certificates and private keys for use in a development environment:
About CertGen
The CertGen utility provides command line options to specify a CA certificate and key to be used for issuing generated certificates. The digital certificates generated by the CertGen utility by default have only the host name of the machine on which they were generated, and not the fully-qualified DNS name, as the value for its common name field (
cn ). Command line options let you specify values for the cn and other Subject domain name (DN ) fields, such as orgunit , organization , locality , state , and countrycode .
Use the CertGen utility if you want to set an expiration date in the digital certificate or specify a correct host name in the digital certificate so that you can use host name verification. (The demonstration digital certificate provided by WebLogic Server uses the machine's default host name as the host name.)
The CertGen utility generates public certificate and private key files in PEM and DER formats. To view the details of the generated digital certificate on Windows platforms, double-click
.der files in Windows Explorer
By default, the CertGen utility uses the following demonstration digital certificate and private-key files:
CertGenCA.der and CertGenCAKey.der . CertGen looks for these files in the current directory, or in the WL_HOME /server/lib directory , as specified in the weblogic.home system property or the CLASSPATH . If you want to use these files, you do not need to specify CA files in the CertGen command; however, you can specify those CA files in the command is desired.
For complete details about the CertGen utility's syntax and arguments, see 'CertGen' in the Command Reference for Oracle WebLogic Server.
Using CertGen to Create a Certificate and Private Key
To create a certificate and private key using CertGen, complete the following steps:
CertGen Usage Notes
Note the following about using CertGen:
Limitation on CertGen Usage
By default, a WebLogic Server domain is configured with the
DemoIdentity.jks keystore, which contains a demonstration public certificate and private key for WebLogic Server. This certificate and key are created by CertGen with the default options of containing only the host name in the common name field (cn ), and not the fully-qualified DNS name. As a result, attempts to establish SSL connections may fail in some situations due to a host name verification exception. This section describes this limitation and provides some workarounds.
If you are using the demo certificates in a multi-server domain, Managed Server instances fail to boot if they cannot establish an SSL connection with the Administration Server. An error message similar to the following may be generated:
This error occurs because the host name verifier, which is enabled by default in all WebLogic domains and which is used during the SSL handshake, compares the value of the
cn field in the certificate with the fully-qualified DNS name of the SSL server that accepts the SSL connection. If these names do not match, the SSL connection is dropped.
If you use the demo identity certificates in a WebLogic domain, you can use the following workarounds:
Note:
Oracle does not recommend using the demo certificates, or turning off host name verification, in production environments.
Using Your Own Certificate Authority
Many companies act as their own certificate authority. To use those trusted CA certificates with WebLogic Server:
Oracle 12 Oracle10gdialect Does Not Support Identity Key Generation 7
Converting a Microsoft p7b Format to PEM Format
Digital certificates issued by Microsoft are in a format (p7b) that cannot be used by WebLogic Server. The following example converts a digital certificate in p7b (PKCS#7) format to PEM format on Windows XP:
Configuring Demo Certificates for Clients
To use SSL in development mode between a client such as Eclipse and WebLogic Server, configure the demo certificates in the JVM for both the client and the server as follows:
As an alternative, you can import the certificates, rather than copying the
cacerts files.
Obtaining and Storing Certificates for Production Environments
To obtain a digital certificate for use in a production environment, you must generate a Certificate Signing Request (CSR) and issue it to a reputable CA. The CA returns a digital certificate that is signed with the CA's private key and that is used for establishing identity. The CA also returns the CA's signed public certificate, which is used for trust. You then import the digital certificate for identity into your identity keystore, and the CA's public certificate into the trust keystore.
The following sections explain these steps in detail:
Generating a Certificate Signing Request
Oracle strongly recommends that all certificates used in a production environment are signed by a reputable Certificate Authority (CA). To obtain a CA-signed certificate, you must issue an individual Certificate Signing Request (CSR) for each certificate that you plan to use in that production environment.
To generate a CSR, complete the following steps:
The CSR file is encoded in PKCS#10 format and may look similar to the following:
Note:
The Certificate Request Generator servlet is deprecated. Use the keytool utility instead.
Importing Certificates into the Trust and Identity Keystores
After you submit a CSR to a CA, the CA returns the following:
To import the CA-signed certificates into the trust and identity keystores, complete the following steps:
Configuring Keystores with WebLogic Server
After you have created the identity and trust keystores, you need to configure WebLogic Server to use them, as explained in the following sections:
All private key entries in a keystore are accessed by WebLogic Server through the use of aliases, which you specify when loading private keys into the keystore. Aliases are case-insensitive: the aliases Hugo and hugo would refer to the same keystore entry. When subsequently you configure SSL, aliases for private keys are specified in the Private Key Alias field on the Configuration > SSL page in the WebLogic Server Administration Console. Although WebLogic Server does not use the alias to access trusted CA certificates, the keystore does require an alias when loading a trusted CA certificate into the keystore.
Configuring Keystores Using the Administration Console
To configure the identity and trust keystores for a WebLogic Server instance using the WebLogic Server Administration Console, complete the following steps:
For information about configuring keystores for WebLogic Server using the WebLogic Server Administration Console, see 'Configure keystores' in the Oracle WebLogic Server Administration Console Online Help.
Configuring a Keystore Using WLST
This section provides an example of using WLST to configure the identity and trust keystores for WebLogic Server. Example 30-1 does the following:
Example 30-1 Configuring Custom Identity and Trust Keystores
Viewing Keystore Contents
To view the contents of a keystore, use the following
keytool command syntax, where keystore represents the name of the keystore you created:
When you enter the preceding command, you are prompted for the keystore password. For example, the following command lists the contents of
keystore.jks :
Replacing Expiring Certificates
An expiring certificate should be replaced before it actually expires to avoid or reduce application downtime.
To replace a certificate, complete the following steps:
Creating a Keystore: An Example
This section shows an example of using the keytool utility for creating a keystore and storing keys and certificates in it. Note that this section shows only how to create one keystore. In a production environment, Oracle recommends that you have two keystores: one for trust, and another for identity, as explained in Using Separate Keystores for Identity and Trust. For complete details about each of the keytool command options shown in this section, see 'keytool — Key and Certificate Management Tool' at
http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/technotes/tools/windows/keytool.html .
To create a keystore and populate it with private keys and certificates, complete the following steps:
Supported Formats for Identity and Trust CertificatesOracle 12 Oracle10gdialect Does Not Support Identity Key Generation Work
The PEM (Privacy Enhanced Mail) format is the preferred format for private keys, digital certificates, and trusted certificate authority (CA) certificates. The preferred keystore format is JKS.
A
.pem format file begins with this line:
and ends with this line:
A
.pem format file supports multiple digital certificates (for example, a certificate chain can be included). The order of certificates within the file is important. The server's digital certificate should be the first digital certificate in the file, followed by the issuer certificate, and so on. Each certificate in the chain is followed by its issuer certificate. If the last certificate in the chain is the self-signed (self-issued) root certificate of the chain, the chain is considered complete. Note that the chain does not have to be complete.
When using the deprecated file-based private keys, digital certificates, and trusted CA certificates, WebLogic Server can use digital certificates in either PEM or distinguished encoding rules (DER) format.
A
.der format file contains binary data for a single certificate. Thus, a .der file can be used only for a single certificate, while a .pem file can be used for multiple certificates.
Microsoft is often used as a CA. Microsoft issues trusted CA certificates in p7b format, which must be converted to PEM before they can be used with WebLogic Server. For more information, see Converting a Microsoft p7b Format to PEM Format.
Private key files (meaning private keys not stored in a keystore) must be in PKCS#5/PKCS#8 PEM format.
You can still use private keys and digital certificates used with other versions of WebLogic Server with this version of WebLogic Server. Convert the private key and digital certificate from distinguished encoding rules (DER) format to privacy-enhanced mail (PEM) format. For more information, see the description of the 'der2pem' utility in 'Using the WebLogic Server Java Utilities' in Command Reference for Oracle WebLogic Server.
Oracle 12 Oracle10gdialect Does Not Support Identity Key Generation 2
After converting the files, ensure the digital certificate file has the
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- header and the -----END CERTIFICATE----- footer. Otherwise, the digital certificate will not work.
Note:
OpenSSL can add a header to the PEM certificate it generates. In order to use such certificates with WebLogic Server, everything in front of '-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- ' should be removed from the certificate, which you can do with a text editor.
Obtaining a Digital Certificate for a Web BrowserOracle 12 Oracle10gdialect Does Not Support Identity Key Generation Mean
Low-security browser certificates are easy to acquire and can be done from within the Web browser, usually by selecting the Security menu item in Options or Preferences. Go to the Personal Certificates item and ask to obtain a new digital certificate. You will be asked for some information about yourself.
The digital certificate you receive contains public information, including your name and public key, and additional information you would like authenticated by a third party, such as your E-mail address. Later you will present the digital certificate when authentication is requested.
As part of the process of acquiring a digital certificate, the Web browser generates a public-private key pair. The private key should remain secret. It is stored on the local file system and should never leave the Web browser's machine, to ensure that the process of acquiring a digital certificate is itself safe. With some browsers, the private key can be encrypted using a password, which is not stored. When you encrypt your private key, you will be asked by the Web browser for your password at least once per session.
Note:
Oracle 12 Oracle10gdialect Does Not Support Identity Key Generation 2Digital certificates obtained from Web browsers do not work with other types of Web browsers or on different versions of the same Web browser.Comments are closed.
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